Esperanto Proper Noun Guide

Posted on Jan 17, 2026 in blog

  1. Personal Names
  • Keep original spelling of personal names (real or fictional).
  • Preserve capitalization and diacritics.
  1. Grammatical Marking of Names
  • Apply Esperanto grammar minimally and transparently.
  • Use:
    • -n (accusative): Paul-n
    • -a (adjectival): Medici-a familio
  • Hyphenate Esperanto endings.
  1. Established Esperanto Forms
  • Use canonical Esperanto forms where they are present in PIV as the primary form.
  • Biblical / mythological / classical figures: Jesuo, Moseo, Paŭlo
  • Countries, cities, peoples: Italio, Parizo, Anglio
  1. Titles and Honorifics
  • Translate titles, eg Sinjoro or Duko
  1. Noble Particles (da, de, von, van)
  • Retain unchanged, treat as part of the name, eg Leonardo da Vinci, de Medici
  1. Esperantization of Names (Marked Exception)
  • Permitted only in verse for frequent inflection or poetic rhythm
  1. Fictional and Fantasy Names
  • Same as real names.
  • Adapt only if the meaning of the name is narratively functional.

esperanto angla-lingva